0.1 M NaCl solution
Prepare a sodium chloride solution.
Molarity Calculator
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- Formulas and hydrates
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Amount
Weigh 2.922 g NaCl0.1 M NaCl, 500 mL · Amount of substance: 0.05 mol
| Component | MW (g/mol) | Final conc. | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | 58.44 | 0.1 M | 2.922 g |
- Start with about 400 mL of solvent.
- Weigh 2.922 g NaCl.
- Bring to a final volume of 500 mL with solvent.
Prepared by __________ Date __________
Molarity calculator examples
Start with a solution and adapt it for your experiment.
1 M MgSO₄ from the heptahydrate
Compare the hydrate with 12.04 g of anhydrous salt.
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Prepare disodium EDTA and record the pH adjustment.
10× PBS recipe
Prepare a concentrated four-salt buffer.
50× TAE buffer
Combine solid Tris, acetic acid and EDTA stock.
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols lists 57.1 mL; the calculation here uses a density of 1.049 g/mL.
Make 1 M HCl from 37% HCl
Dilute a concentrated acid using its bottle label.
10 mM stock from a 5 mg vial
Find the final volume using batch purity.
10% (w/v) SDS
Convert a weight/volume solution to molarity.
How to make a molar solution
Prepare a solution in four steps.
1Choose a compound
Enter a formula or select a reagent.
2Set the concentration
Enter the target concentration and final volume.
3Read the recipe
Check the amount and bottle label.
4Take it to the lab
Copy or print your recipe.
Molarity formula
Calculate molarity from amount and final solution volume.
Unit conversion
| Concentration | Equivalent |
|---|---|
| 1 M | 1,000 mM |
| 1 mM | 1,000 µM |
| 1 mg/mL | 1 g/L |
| 1 µg/mL | 1 mg/L |
| 1 mg/L (dilute aqueous) | ≈ 1 ppm |
| 1% (w/v) | 10 g/L |
For mass concentrations, divide g/L by the molecular weight in g/mol.
References: IUPAC amount concentration
Hydrates and batch molecular weight
Use the form on the bottle, or enter its batch molecular weight.
| Formula | MW (g/mol) |
|---|---|
| MgSO4 | 120.36 |
| MgSO4·7H2O | 246.47 |
| CaCl2 | 110.98 |
| CaCl2·2H2O | 147.01 |
| Na2HPO4 | 141.96 |
| Na2HPO4·2H2O | 177.99 |
| Na2HPO4·7H2O | 268.06 |
| Na2HPO4·12H2O | 358.14 |
| CuSO4·5H2O | 249.68 |
References: CIAAW abridged atomic weights
Molarity calculator FAQ
How do I calculate the mass needed for a molar solution?
Multiply concentration in mol/L by final volume in L and molecular weight in g/mol. For 0.1 M NaCl in 500 mL, weigh 2.922 g and bring to volume.
Should I use the molecular weight of the hydrate or the anhydrous form?
Use the molecular weight of the form on your bottle. For 100 mL of 1 M MgSO₄, weigh 24.65 g heptahydrate or 12.04 g anhydrous salt. If a mass concentration refers to another form, enter its formula in Mass refers to.
How do I convert mg/mL, µg/mL or ppm to molarity?
Divide g/L by molecular weight. For dilute aqueous solutions, 1 ppm is approximately 1 mg/L.
How do I make 1 M HCl from concentrated HCl?
For 500 mL, use 41.4 mL of 37% HCl at 1.19 g/mL, then bring to volume. Add acid to water and use your bottle label.
What does % (w/v) mean, and how does it convert to molarity?
It is grams per 100 mL of solution. Divide the equivalent g/L by molecular weight; 10% SDS is about 0.347 M. Weight percent uses mass per mass, while volume percent uses volume per volume.
How do I correct for purity or batch molecular weight?
Divide mass by purity as a fraction and enter the batch molecular weight from the certificate.
Can I make the solution from a stock solution?
Yes. Select Stock solution as the source and enter its concentration; the tool uses C₁V₁ = C₂V₂. For PBS and other buffers, use the buffer calculator to set a target pH.
Do the results match the GraphPad, Sigma-Aldrich and Tocris molarity calculators?
The same mass, volume and molecular weight equation is used. For example, 0.1 M NaCl in 500 mL requires 2.922 g. This calculator also supports formulas, hydrates, purity, liquids and multiple components.
What is the difference between molarity, molality and normality?
Molarity is moles per litre of solution, molality is moles per kilogram of solvent, and normality is equivalents per litre. For complete acid neutralization, 1 M H₂SO₄ is 2 N.